HOW DO FINANCIAL LITERACY, RELIGIOSITY, AND MORAL SENSITIVITY INFLUENCE THE PREVENTION OF ONLINE LOAN USAGE?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23969/jrak.v17i2.24190Keywords:
crime triangles, financial literacy, online loans, religiosity, routine activity theoryAbstract
The rise of online loans has been a major concern in Indonesia’s financial technology sector, especially due to their growing influence on university students. This study investigated how financial literacy, religiosity, and moral sensitivity shaped students’ ability to resist using online loans, a vulnerable demographic increasingly targeted by digital lenders. A quantitative approach was adopted, applying the Crime Triangle from Routine Activity Theory and the GONE Theory as its theoretical framework. Data were collected from 186 respondents through purposive sampling. The results showed that all three factors significantly and positively influenced students’ resistance to borrowing online. This study was distinctive in combining psychological and moral aspects into a predictive model that had not yet been tested in the Indonesian context. The findings contribute to behavioral finance literature and provide practical guidance for policymakers, educators, and fintech regulators in minimizing students’ exposure to online lending traps.
Downloads
References
Alshebami, A.S. and Aldhyani, T.H.H. 2022. ‘The Interplay of Social Influence, Financial Literacy, and Saving Behaviour among Saudi Youth and the Moderating Effect of Self-Control’, Sustainability, 14(14), p. 8780. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148780.
Angkasa, A., Wamafma, F., Juanda, O. and Nunna, B.P. 2023. Illegal Online Loans in Indonesia: Between the Law Enforcement and Protection of Victim, Lex Scientia Law Review. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v7i1.67558.
Anuar, A. S. K., Tan, B. P., & Naidu, N.B.M. 2021. ‘Moral sensitivity through the interaction of students from different cultures in school’, Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, pp. 41–56.
Baharuddin, J., Supriyanto, A.S., Siswanto, S. and Ekowati, V.M. 2023. ‘Understanding The Drivers of Interest in Fintech Adoption: Examining The Moderating Influence of Religiosity’, Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen, 9(3), pp. 695–705. Available at: https://doi.org/10.17358/jabm.9.3.695.
Broby, D. 2021. ‘Financial technology and the future of banking’, Financial Innovation, 7(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-021-00264-y.
Chen, V. 2020. ‘Online payday lenders: Trusted friends or debt traps?’, University of New South Wales Law Journal, 43(2), pp. 674–706. Available at: https://doi.org/10.53637/xksr8815.
Cohen, L.E. and Felson, M. 1979. ‘Social Change and Crime Rate Trends: A Routine Activity Approach’, American Sociological Review, 44(4), p. 588. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2307/2094589.
Desmiyawati, D., Susilatri, S., Ramaiyanti, S. and Azlina, N. 2023. ‘Improving The Performance of MSMEs Through Innovation, Financial Literacy, and Digitalization’, Jrak, 15(2), pp. 151–161. Available at: https://doi.org/10.23969/jrak.v15i2.7203.
Eck, J.E. 2003. ‘Police Problems: The Complexity of Problem Theory, Research and Evaluation’, Problem-Oriented Policing: from Innovation to Mainstream, 15(May), pp. 79–113.
Efferin, Sujoko; Darmadji, Stevanus Hadi; Tan, Yuliawati. 2008. Metode Penelitian Akuntansi Mengungkap Fenomena Dengan Pendekatan Kuantitatif Dan Kualitatif.
Felson, M. and Clarke, R. V. 1998. Opportunity makes the thief: practical theory for crime prevention. Police Research Series, Paper 98. Policing and Reducing Crime Unit, Research, Development and Statistics Directorate.
Ginting, R., Sjahruddin, H., Alaslan, A., Jagakarsa, U.T., Tinggi, S., Ekonomi, I. and Bongaya, M. 2023. ‘Fraud Prevention Through Internal Control and Moral Sensitivity (Case Study on a State Owned Bank)’, 2023(2), pp. 1–11.
Glock, Charles Y & Stark, R. 1965. Religious and a Society in Tension.
Guo, Y., Liu, C., Liu, H., Chen, K. and He, D. 2023. ‘Financial Literacy, Borrowing Behavior and Rural Households’ Income: Evidence from the Collective Forest Area, China’, Sustainability, 15(2), p. 1153. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021153.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R.E. 2019. ‘Multivariate Data Analysis. Hampshire: Cengage Learning’.
Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J. and Anderson, R.E. 2014. ‘Multivariate Data Analysis 7th’, pp. 1–761.
Hair, J.F., Tomas M, H.G., Christian M, R. and Sarstedt, M. 2017. A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling, Long Range Planning. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2013.01.002.
Hariyani, R. 2024. ‘Pengaruh Financial Technology, Locus of Control, dan Literasi Keuangan Terhadap Perilaku Keuangan Mahasiswa’, Jurnal Ekonomi & Manajemen, 22(1), pp. 16–22.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C.M. and Sarstedt, M. 2015. ‘A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling’, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), pp. 115–135. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8.
Hidayah, A. 2022. ‘Membongkar Sisi Gelap Fintech Peer-To-Peer Lending (Pinjaman Online) Pada Mahasiswa Di Yogyakarta’, Journal of Humanity Studies, 1(1), pp. 1–7. Available at: https://ejournal.upgrisba.ac.id/index.php/jhs/index.
Jack, B. 1993. HandBook on Corporate Fraud: Prevention, Detection, and Investigation. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Jia, H., Feng, J. and Hu, Y. 2023. ‘Research on Risk Supervision and Preventive Measures of College Students’ Online Loans’, Journal of Innovation and Development, 2(2), pp. 76–79. Available at: https://doi.org/10.54097/jid.v2i2.6392.
Johnson, S.D. and Nikolovska, M. 2022. ‘The Effect of COVID-19 Restrictions on Routine Activities and Online Crime’, Journal of Quantitative Criminology [Preprint], (0123456789). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-022-09564-7.
Lee, J., Hamilton, J.T., Ram, N., Roehrick, K. and Reeves, B. 2023. ‘The psychology of poverty and life online: natural experiments on the effects of smartphone payday loan ads on psychological stress’, Information, Communication & Society, 26(14), pp. 2775–2796. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2022.2109982.
Mnif, E., Zghidi, N. and Jarboui, A. 2023. ‘The influence of religiosity on cryptocurrency users’ acceptance using search engines’, Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1108/AGJSR-02-2023-0062.
Mulyono. 2023. ‘The Impact of Digital Literacyon Fintech Service Usage Through Financial Literacy’, E3S Web of Conferences. Edited by T.N. Mursitama, Noerlina, D.N. Utama, and S.A. Abrori, 426, p. 02003. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342602003.
Natakusumah, K., Maulina, E., Muftiadi, A. and Purnomo, M. 2023. ‘Integrating religiosity into a technology acceptance model for the adoption of mobile payment technology’, International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(1), pp. 305–312. Available at: https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2022.10.003.
Noptabi, I.S.S.A.M.W. 2022. ‘Legal Protection of Personal Data Financial Technology Based Online Loans from The Consumer Protection Act’, Walisongo Law Review, 4(April 2022), pp. 122–134. Available at: https://medium.com/@arifwicaksanaa/pengertian-use-case-a7e576e1b6bf.
Obilor, E.I. 2023. ‘Convenience and Purposive Sampling Techniques: Are they the Same?’
Putra, B.L., Rifqi, A.A. and Al-Masyhuri, S. 2023. ‘A Low Financial Literacy On The Desire To Do Online Loans (Case Study Of Muhammadiyah Surabaya University Students)’, Journal of Entrepreneurial and Business Diversity, 1(1), pp. 55–58. Available at: https://doi.org/10.38142/jebd.v1i1.45.
Robinson, S.L. and Bennett, R.J. 1995. ‘A Typology of Deviant Workplace Behaviors : A Multidimensional Scaling Study’, The Academy ofManagement Journal, 38(2), pp. 555–572. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2307/256693.
Rosari, R., Zacharias, J. and Pono, M.R. 2021. ‘Pencegahan Fraud Dalam Pelaporan Keuangan: Pendekatan Faktor Individu’, Wahana: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi, 24(2), pp. 251–276. Available at: https://doi.org/10.35591/wahana.v24i2.393.
Said, J., Alam, M.M., Karim, Z.A. and Johari, R.J. 2018. ‘Integrating religiosity into fraud triangle theory: findings on Malaysian police officers’, Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, 4(2), pp. 111–123. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1108/JCRPP-09-2017-0027.
Said, J., Omar, N., Rafidi, M. and Syed Yusof, S.N. 2018. ‘Are organizational factors more prevailing than individual factors in mitigating employee fraud?: Findings from Royal Custom Officers’, Journal of Financial Crime, 25(3), pp. 907–922. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-09-2017-0087.
Samad, S., Kashif, M., Wijeneyake, S. and Mingione, M. 2022. ‘Islamic religiosity and ethical intentions of Islamic bank managers: rethinking theory of planned behaviour’, Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(11), pp. 2421–2436. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-02-2020-0042.
Sarfo, Y., Musshoff, O. and Weber, R. 2023. ‘Farmers’ awareness of digital credit: Does financial literacy matter?’, Journal of International Development, (December 2022), pp. 1–19. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3774.
Schmocker, D., Tanner, C., Katsarov, J. and Christen, M. 2020. ‘An advanced measure of moral sensitivity in business’, European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 36(5), pp. 864–873. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000564.
Shmueli, G., Hair, J.F., Ting, H. and Ringle, C.M. 2019. ‘Predictive model assessment in PLS-SEM : guidelines for using PLSpredict’. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-02-2019-0189.
Shtudiner, Z. and Zvi, L. 2023. ‘Religiosity and ethics in the labor market: resume fraud and judgment’, International Journal of Emerging Markets [Preprint], (2019). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-01-2023-0007.
Sidiq, V.A.R.A. and Setiawan, H. 2022. ‘Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Kasus Pinjaman Online Warga Negara China pada Media Online CNNIndonesia.com dan Nasional Tempo.com’, Edukatif : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 4(1), pp. 851–861. Available at: https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v4i1.1935.
Sri Devi, N.L.M. and Sudibia, G.A. 2015. ‘Analisis Pengaruh Job Insecurity, dan Kompensasi Finansial Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja dan Turnover Intention: (Studi Pada Karyawan Kontrak di Bali Dynasty Resort)’, E-Jurnal Manajemen Unud, 4(4), pp. 1047–1066.
Sulistyowati, W.A., Yulianto, A. and Komara, A. 2022. ‘Maturity and Religiosity in Shaping Accounting Student’S Perception of Business Scandals’, Jrak, 14(2), pp. 213–225. Available at: https://doi.org/10.23969/jrak.v14i2.5623.
Sundari, S. and Kautsar, M.H. 2021. ‘Cyber Crime Triangle Approach to Encounter Cybercrime’, Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(2), pp. 1815–1821. Available at: https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i2.1859.
Taufiq, M., Chung, T.F. and Chrisniyanti, A. 2023. ‘Does Financial Literacy or Digital Literacy Determine a Consumer Use of FinTech?’, Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 620 LNNS(March), pp. 289–298. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26953-0_28.
Una, B.K. and Prabowo, H.Y. 2022. ‘Fintech lending fraud prevention strategy: A case study’, Journal of Contemporary Accounting, 4(1), pp. 37–52. Available at: https://doi.org/10.20885/jca.vol4.iss1.art4.
Urumsah, Dekar., Wicaksono, A. P., Pratama, A.J.P. 2016. ‘Melihat jauh kedalam: Dampak kecerdasan spiritual terhadap niat melakukan kecurangan’, Jurnal Akuntansi & Auditing Indonesia, 20(1), pp. 48–54. Available at: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20885/jaai.vol20.iss1.art5.
Urumsah, D., Wicaksono, A.P. and Hardinto, W. 2018. ‘Pentingkah Nilai Religiusitas dan Budaya Organisasi untuk Mengurangi Kecurangan?’, Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 9(1), pp. 156–172. Available at: https://doi.org/10.18202/jamal.2018.04.9010.
Wahyudi, S., Achmad, T. and Pamungkas, I.D. 2022. ‘Prevention Village Fund Fraud in Indonesia: Moral Sensitivity as a Moderating Variable’, Economies, 10(1), pp. 1–16. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10010026.
Wahyuni, R.A.E. (2020) ‘Strategy Of Illegal Technology Financial Management In Form Of Online Loans’, Jurnal Hukum Prasada, 7(1), pp. 27–33. Available at: https://doi.org/10.22225/jhp.7.1.1324.27-33.
Waliszewski, K., Cichowicz, E., Gębski, Ł., Kliber, F., Kubiczek, J., Niedziółka, P., Solarz, M. and Warchlewska, A. 2024. ‘Digital loans and buy now pay later from LendTech versus bank loans in the era of “black swans”: Complementarity in the area of consumer financing’, Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 19(1), pp. 241–278. Available at: https://doi.org/10.24136/eq.2982.
Wijayanti, D.M., Senjani, Y.P. and Farah, W. 2023. ‘The role of Machiavellian personality, altruistic personality, religiosity, whistleblowing system, and accounting firm size in mitigating fraud intention’, Journal of Financial Crime [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-02-2023-0034.
Wonar, K., Falah, S., & Pangayow, B.J. 2018. ‘Pengaruh Kompetensi Aparatur Desa, Ketaatan Pelaporan Keuangan dan Sistem Pengendalian Intern terhadap Pencegahan Fraud dengan Moral Sensitivity sebagai Variabel Moderasi’, Jurnal Akuntansi, Audit, Dan Aset, 1(2), pp. 63–89.
Yusuf, H & Isgiyarta, J. 2019. ‘Analisis Praktik Penghindaran Pajak di Bidang Impor pada Kepailitan Perusahaan Ekspor Impor’, Jurnal BPPK, 2(1), pp. 20–30.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Dewi Kurnia Putri, Dekar Urumsah

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.










