TEKNIK PENGUMPULAN DATA DALAM PENELITIAN

Abstract

The quality of scientific research is largely determined by the accuracy of the data

collection techniques employed. This article provides an in-depth examination of

data collection methods based on the methodological perspective of John W.

Creswell, a prominent figure in the field of research methodology. The analysis

focuses on the three principal approaches developed by Creswell: quantitative,

qualitative, and mixed methods. In the quantitative approach, Creswell emphasizes

the use of surveys, experiments, and validated measurement instruments to

produce statistically analyzable data. The qualitative approach highlights in-depth

interviews, participant observation, and document analysis as tools to understand

the subjective meanings of human experiences. Meanwhile, the mixed methods

approach allows for the systematic integration of quantitative and qualitative data to

gain a more comprehensive understanding of research phenomena. The findings

indicate that Creswell’s framework offers a comprehensive methodological guide,

enabling researchers to select the most appropriate techniques based on research

objectives, context, and complexity. Thus, understanding Creswell’s approach plays

a vital role in designing research that is valid, reliable, and meaningful.