The ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN BUTIR ASESMEN NUMERASI PADA SISWA FASE A DENGAN PEMODELAN RASCH

Abstract

Numeracy is a fundamental and essential competency in education, particularly in the modern era with its complex challenges. Although the Indonesian government has implemented the National Assessment (AN) to measure literacy and numeracy, the 2022 PISA results indicate that Indonesian students' numeracy proficiency remains low, including in several elementary schools in Tegal Regency. This study aims to develop a standardized numeracy assessment instrument for Phase A students (Grades 1-2) using the Rasch model to address the lack of valid and reliable evaluation tools. The research employs the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development). Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews involving 8 school principals, 8 teachers, and 16 students in the Diponegoro Cluster, Talang District. Needs analysis findings reveal that schools require standardized, contextual, and cognitively appropriate numeracy assessments for Phase A students, while teachers need varied, Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based assessment items with clear scoring rubrics. Students also prefer visually engaging and contextually relevant assessments. This research is expected to contribute to improving numeracy learning quality and serve as a reference for developing more targeted assessment instruments.