PENGARUH EDUKASI MELALUI MEDIA INFOGRAFIS TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU TENTANG PENCEGAHAN PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA DI POSYANDU WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PAAL V KOTA JAMBI

THE EFFECT OF EDUCATION THROUGH INFOGRAPHIC MEDIA ON MOTHERS’ KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES REGARDING PNEUMONIA PREVENTION IN TODDLERS AT POSYANDU IN THE WORKING AREA OF PAAL V COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER, JAMBI CITY

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under five, especially in developing countries. In Indonesia, pneumonia consistently ranks among the top five causes of under-five deaths, with the City of Jambi showing a notable increase in cases, particularly in the working area of Puskesmas Paal V. Low maternal knowledge and attitudes regarding preventive measures—such as complete immunization, exclusive breastfeeding, maintaining environmental hygiene, and recognizing danger signs—significantly contribute to the high incidence of pneumonia. Effective and engaging educational media are needed to improve mothers’ understanding, and infographic media offer visual clarity, concise information, and ease of comprehension. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education using infographic media on mothers’ knowledge and attitudes toward pneumonia prevention in children under five. This quasi-experimental study employed a one-group pretest–posttest design involving 100 mothers selected through proportional sampling at posyandu in the working area of Puskesmas Paal V, Jambi City. Data were collected using validated knowledge and attitude questionnaires and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results revealed a significant improvement in maternal knowledge (p < 0.001) and attitudes (p < 0.001) following the infographic-based education. These findings indicate that infographic media are effective in enhancing mothers’ understanding and attitudes toward pneumonia prevention and can serve as an innovative educational strategy for health promotion at posyandu.

Keywords: infographic media, knowledge, attitude, pneumonia prevention

ABSTRAK

Pneumonia merupakan infeksi saluran pernapasan akut yang masih menjadi salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada anak balita, terutama di negara berkembang. Di Indonesia, pneumonia termasuk dalam lima besar penyebab kematian balita, dengan Kota Jambi menunjukkan peningkatan kasus yang signifikan, khususnya di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Paal V. Rendahnya pengetahuan dan sikap ibu mengenai upaya pencegahan, seperti imunisasi lengkap, pemberian ASI eksklusif, menjaga kebersihan lingkungan, serta mengenali tanda bahaya, turut berkontribusi terhadap tingginya angka kejadian pneumonia. Media edukasi yang menarik dan mudah dipahami diperlukan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman ibu, salah satunya media infografis yang menyajikan informasi secara ringkas dan visual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi melalui media infografis terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu tentang pencegahan pneumonia pada balita. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi experiment dengan pendekatan one group pretest–posttest pada 100 ibu balita yang dipilih menggunakan teknik proportional sampling di Posyandu wilayah kerja Puskesmas Paal V Kota Jambi. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner pengetahuan dan sikap, dengan analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada pengetahuan ibu (p < 0,001) dan sikap ibu (p < 0,001) setelah diberikan edukasi melalui media infografis. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa media infografis efektif digunakan sebagai strategi edukasi kesehatan yang inovatif dan mampu meningkatkan pemahaman ibu dalam pencegahan pneumonia di posyandu.

Kata kunci: media infografis, pengetahuan, sikap, pneumonia pada balita